Hypertension is not a sentence. Medicine is constantly evolving, and scientists are finding new ways to treat hypertension, which allows patients with high blood pressure to live a full life for a long time without serious consequences. Diagnosis plays an important role in the treatment of hypertension. There are several types of hypertension that require special therapy. Treatment is prescribed by a doctor after a thorough examination. Do not leave high blood pressure uncontrolled. Any signs of hypertension require medical attention.
Stages of hypertension
Hypertension develops in stages, so it is common to distinguish three stages of the disease:
- Stage 1 hypertension- The disease persists in a mild form, the pressure rises within 140 / 90-160 / 100 mm Hg. Art. The blood pressure rises for a short time and normalizes itself without taking antihypertensive drugs. In stage 1, the first symptoms may appear: headache, ringing in the ears, sleep disturbances, impaired performance, dizziness, nosebleeds.
- Stage 2- moderately severe disease. The pressure rises to 160/100 - 180/110 mm. rt. Art. , remains high before taking antihypertensive drugs. Dizziness and migraine are accompanied by heart pain.
- 3 stages- severe form of hypertension. The pressure rises above 180/110 mm. rt. Art. , remains consistently high even during sleep and rest. Against the background of high blood pressure develops hypertensive crisis.
Hypertension is a disease of large cities. The larger the city, the more likely you are to be a victim of hypertension. The mistake is to have high levels of psycho-emotional stress.
Is it possible to get rid of hypertension and high blood pressure?
Heart attacks and strokes are the cause of almost 70% of all deaths worldwide. Seven out of ten people die of heart or brain blockage. In almost all cases, the reason for such a terrible ending is the same - increased blood pressure due to hypertension.
It is possible and necessary to reduce the pressure, there is no other way. However, it does not cure the disease itself, but only helps to fight the effect, not the cause of the disease.
Symptoms - when to see a doctor
Hypertension is often asymptomatic, and when hypertension is difficult to treat, it is aware of the presence of the disease in the second or third stage. In order not to miss the first harbingers of hypertension, it is necessary to carefully monitor any changes in the body:
- fast overwork;
- memory impairment;
- severe pain at the beginning of a pulsating nature;
- dizziness;
- sleep disorders;
- black flies in front of the eyes;
- hyperemia;
- arrhythmia;
- heart pain;
- limb tremors;
- chills;
- hyperhidrosis.
All these are signs of high blood pressure. In this case, medical intervention is required.
Causes of pathology
The main reason for the development of the disease, doctors call a genetic predisposition. Other causes of high blood pressure:
- frequent stress;
- excess weight;
- high cholesterol;
- excessive alcohol consumption;
- to smoke;
- diseases of the nervous, endocrine system, hypothalamus;
- mostly sedentary lifestyle;
- kidney disease;
- hypoxia;
- eating salty foods;
- menopause;
- exposure to high noise.
Many causes of hypertension are unhealthy lifestyle.
An integrated approach to the treatment of hypertension
To normalize blood pressure, doctors recommend adjusting your lifestyle. It is necessary to establish a regime, to give up bad habits, to adjust the body mass index to the norm. An important point will be the rejection of dietary food and salt.
Work schedule recommendations:
- reduce workload;
- to refuse night or additional queues;
- take time to relax a bit during the work day;
- establish a sleep and rest regime;
- move more.
Complex treatment of hypertension involves the appointment of antihypertensive drugs. Medication treatment is prescribed by the attending physician after examination and diagnosis. It is important to get rid of the root causes of the disease with hypertension. Treatment of arterial hypertension is selected according to the indications, age, accompanying diagnoses.
Clinical guidelines
Non-drug treatment of hypertension:
- lose weight;
- dietary food except animal fats;
- reduce salt intake to 5 grams per day;
- refusal of smoked food, sausages, salted fish;
- Inclusion of foods containing potassium and magnesium in the diet: legumes, baked potatoes, dried fruits, hips, oatmeal, buckwheat, millet, nuts;
- reduction of alcohol consumption to 30 grams in men and 15 grams in women, beer and red wine should be completely excluded;
- quit smoking;
- reduction of physical activity;
- reduce the impact of stressful situations;
- to take a sedative;
- full sleep.
If non-drug therapy does not work, the doctor adds medication:
- angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors;
- diuretic drugs;
- beta-blockers;
- calcium channel blockers.
Means for the treatment of hypertension are selected by the attending physician in accordance with the indications. If monotherapy does not work, the doctor will add an additional drug from another pharmacological group. Complex treatment involves a combination of two or three antihypertensive drugs.
Effective antihypertensive pills
Blood pressure recovers quickly at a young age. However, with age, it becomes increasingly difficult to normalize blood pressure. When taking certain medications, addiction develops, withdrawal syndrome occurs, which can lead to a hypertensive crisis. Patients with hypertension often have to take antihypertensive drugs for life.
Important Notes
The patient will have to be treated for hypertension for life. Antihypertensive drugs normalize blood pressure readings, but should be continued to avoid a sharp jump in blood pressure again. A sharp rise in blood pressure is dangerous and can cause irreversible changes in the body, including heart attacks and strokes.
The treatment regimen for hypertension is determined by the attending physician after a thorough examination in accordance with the instructions. It is important to follow all the prescriptions of a specialist, follow a diet for patients with hypertension, change your lifestyle. An integrated approach to the treatment of arterial hypertension gives good results.
Treatment regimens for hypertension often include several antihypertensive drugs. Combinator treatment is faster and gives better results. Doctors often use a combination of two or three drugs from different pharmacological groups. When prescribing drugs, the doctor checks the interaction and compatibility of drugs. In combination therapy, drugs are prescribed in minimal doses.
Hypertension can be caused by various external and internal factors, so combination therapy from different pharmacological groups has a complex effect. In most cases, antihypertensive drugs are not addictive. They are prescribed for long-term use to normalize the patient's condition for a long time. Some medications must be taken for life.
Drug treatment of hypertension is prescribed by the attending physician after the examination. When taking the drug, it is necessary to strictly follow the prescriptions of a specialist to achieve the desired hypotensive effect without undesirable side effects on the body.
You can not take medication for hypertension only according to the instructions. Hypertension requires individual treatment. To do this, the doctor conducts a thorough examination and then selects the course of treatment only for hypertension. When prescribing a drug, the doctor checks the suitability of the drug, contraindications and warns of possible adverse reactions. There is no need to be afraid of all the side effects listed in the instructions. Most reactions occur in exceptional cases. Antihypertensive drugs are well tolerated by patients.
With hypertension, you should take pills every day. The frequency of administration depends on the type of drug. Short-acting medications reduce blood pressure quickly, but do not last more than 4 hours. You will need 4-6 tablets a day. Long-acting medications help a day, so it is enough to take one tablet in the morning and forget about high blood pressure.
It is not possible to change the dosage or the prescribed course of therapy yourself. This can lead to complications or stroke.
Regular therapy is a condition to normalize blood pressure and reduce the risk of hypertensive crisis. Alternative prescriptions for the treatment of hypertension are also suitable, but it is necessary to inform the doctor about any method of treatment of hypertension. You can take herbal medicines or prepare infusions only after consulting a specialist.
Alternative methods to lower blood pressure
Not only drugs but also alternative methods are used to treat hypertension. With the help of herbal medicines, natural infusions and folk recipes for hypertension, you can reduce blood pressure in hypertension.
Non-drug treatments are based on the healing properties of various foods and plants:
- bal. To reduce blood pressure, prepare decoctions, mixtures, infusions of honey mixed with other herbs, berries, vegetables, fruits. Tinctures with wild flowers, mountain ash, viburnum, raisins, prunes, prunes, hawthorn honey will be effective.
- Kalina. To normalize the functioning of the cardiovascular system, viburnum is eaten raw along with berry seeds. To reduce blood pressure, you can prepare a hot drink from viburnum: berries with seeds are poured into boiling water, left in a thermos for several hours, and then drunk with sugar or honey.
- Black and red rowan. You will receive 1 kg of berries and 700 g of sugar. The berries should be crushed and mixed with sugar. The sweet content is taken 100 grams twice a day. You can make a medicinal syrup from mountain ash with sugar, which you need to drink 1 tablespoon three times a day. l.
Recipes for lowering blood pressure:
- Red beet juice with honey. Mix honey with beet juice in equal proportions. The resulting tincture drink no more than five times a day, 2 tbsp. l.
- Cranberry juice with honey. Mix honey in equal proportions with cornel juice. The resulting composition is taken 1 tablespoon three times a day. l. 20-30 minutes before meals.
- Decoction of viburnum with honey. Crush 100 grams of viburnum berries, add 100 grams of buckwheat honey, bring to a boil. Cool the broth and then drink 1 tablespoon three times a day. l.
- Tincture of vegetables and honey. You will receive 200 grams of carrot juice, beets, 100 grams of cornel juice, 200 grams of honey and 100 ml of alcohol. Mix the ingredients, insist three days and take 1 tbsp. l. three times a day.
- Mineral water drink with honey and lemon. Mix honey, mineral table water, lemon juice. The resulting drink should be consumed 1 cup per day. The duration of therapy is 7-10 days.
- Drink with hawthorn berries. 100 grams of hawthorn berries should be cleaned of seeds and poured into 2 cups of cold drinking water. Leave the night. In the morning, boil the drink and strain it. The duration of therapy is 1 month.
- A decoction of potatoes. Peel a squash, grate it and bring to a boil. Take 2 cups a day.
With high blood pressure, doctors recommend avoiding salty, spicy, smoked, fatty foods. Sweets should be replaced with dried fruits.
Measures to prevent hypertension
Follow these simple rules to maintain normal blood pressure:
- reduce the amount of salt consumed to 5 grams or completely avoid salty foods: salt retains fluid, which causes vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure;
- reduce the consumption of animal fats, cholesterol products: the list of restrictions includes fatty meat, fat, caviar, eggs, mayonnaise products, rich products, margarine, butter, creamy ice cream, confectionery;
- Avoid caffeinated beverages: strong black tea, coffee, cola, Pepsi, energy drinks;
- increase the intake of foods containing potassium and magnesium: minerals have a positive effect on the cardiovascular system, reduce vascular spasms; plenty of potassium in citrus fruits, potatoes, rye bread, legumes, dried fruits, radishes, white cabbage, bananas, black currants, garlic, asparagus, parsley, carrots, cucumbers; magnesium can be found in buckwheat, oatmeal, millet, chocolate, walnuts, beets;
- increase the consumption of ascorbic acid: vitamin C is found in fresh vegetables, fruits, berries, foods should be eaten raw; Many ascorbic acids are found in citrus fruits, black currants, wild roses, and sea urchins.
It is not difficult to treat hypertension in the early stages. The main thing is to contact a specialist in a timely manner. Persistent hypertension is more difficult to treat, requiring complex therapy and regular blood pressure measurements. Therapy is prescribed by a doctor only in accordance with the instructions. If left untreated in later stages, it can lead to cerebrovascular accident or heart attack.